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Home > India > Know India Better > Introduction

 

 

"If there is one place on the face of earth where all the dreams of living men have found a home from the very earliest days when man began the dream of existence, it is India." - Romain Rolland India is the largest democracy in the world, seventh largest country and the second most populous. India is a picture of diversity seen in its peoples, cultures, colorful festivals, dress and costumes, religions, flora and fauna and varying landscapes.

its history dates back to the Indus Valley civilization of about 2500-1700 BC. India  is, as Mark Twain intones " the cradle of the human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, grandmother of legend, and great grandmother of tradition. Our most valuable and most instructive materials in the history of man are treasured up in India only." it gave the world the knowledge of counting that transformed the scientific faculty of man.

India was and arguably is the spiritual seat of the world. India is located in the Asia continent in northern hemisphere. The Himalayan ranges crown the northern boundary of India. It is bounded on the north by Afghanistan, China, Nepal, and Bhutan; on the east by Bangladesh, Myanmar (formerly known as Burma), and the Bay of Bengal; on the south by the Palk Strait and the Gulf of Mannar (which separates it from Sri Lanka) and the Indian Ocean; and on the west by the Arabian Sea and Pakistan.

The country is divided into 28 states (three of which are recently formed) and 7 Union Territories. New Delhi is the capital of India and one of its largest cities.

Fast Facts on India

Population  1, 027, 015, 247 (2001 Census)
Area 3.3 million square kilometers
Geographical location Lies between latitudes 8 ° 4' and 37 ° 6 ' north and longitudes 68 ° 7 ' and 97° 25' east
Coastline length 7600 km
Languages 18 major languages, 844 dialects
Major religions Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism
National anthem Jan gana mana written by Rabindranath Tagore
National Song Vande Mataram, composed in Sanskrit by Bankimchandra Chatterji
National emblem Replica of the Lion Capital of Sarnath
National flag

 
Horizontal tricolor in equal proportion of deep saffron on the top, white in the middle and dark green at the bottom. In the center of the white band is a wheel in navy blue color
National animal Tiger (Panthera Tigris)
National bird Peacock
National flower Lotus
National tree Banyan
National fruit Mango


Festivals of India

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